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[目的]对抗生素所致伪膜性肠炎(PMC)进行分析,总结临床经验教训,提高诊治水平。[方法]收集2001年1月~2007年6月经结肠镜检查确诊的PMC 21例相关资料,进行回顾性总结和分析。[结果]全部患者在使用广谱抗生素过程中或之后出现腹泻、腹痛等症状。结肠镜下见水肿黏膜上附有伪膜。21例PMC患者经治疗,有效20例,1例重度患者死亡。[结论]抗生素使用不合理是PMC的主要原因,结肠镜和病理活检是诊断PMC的主要方法。对应用抗生素期间或之后出现严重的腹泻、腹痛者应尽早行结肠镜检查。
[Objective] To analyze the antibiotic-induced pseudomembranous colitis (PMC), summarize the clinical experience and lessons, and improve the diagnosis and treatment. [Methods] The data of 21 cases of PMC diagnosed by colonoscopy from January 2001 to June 2007 were collected and retrospectively summarized and analyzed. [Results] All patients had diarrhea, abdominal pain and other symptoms during or after using broad-spectrum antibiotics. Colonoscopy with edema mucosa attached to the pseudomembranous. 21 cases of PMC treated, effective in 20 cases, 1 case of severe patients died. [Conclusion] The unreasonable use of antibiotics is the main reason of PMC. Colonoscopy and pathological biopsy are the main methods to diagnose PMC. Severe diarrhea or abdominal pain during or after application of antibiotics should be performed as soon as possible colonoscopy.