自从历史上有主奴关系以来,“奴才”一词作为主仆关系下身份的表达,已经为人们所熟识。清朝建立后,由于满族传统社会以“主奴”特征为主导的社会关系与思想观念的深刻作用和影响,导致有清一代“奴才”称谓充斥于君臣、主仆上下诸种关系的表达之中,尤其是君臣语境下,更成为“清代特色”。根据目前的史料遗存所见,君臣语境下的“奴才”称谓是从康熙帝开始出现,而且是伴随着奏折这一文书形式的使用而出现的。最早开始于君臣语境下使用“奴才”自称的时间是康熙二十九年,具折人是山东巡抚佛伦,而较早在奏折中自 Since the relationship between master and slave has historically been established, the expression “slave” has been well known as an expression of identity under master-servant relations. After the establishment of the Qing Dynasty, due to the profound effect and influence of the social relations and ideological concepts dominated by the Manchu traditional society, the Manchu traditional society led to the Qing Dynasty “slavery” title full of monarchy, master and servants all kinds of relations Especially in the context of Monarchs, but also become “the characteristics of the Qing Dynasty.” According to the current historical relics, the title “slave” in the context of monarchy came out from the Emperor Kangxi and was accompanied by the use of memorial form. The earliest beginning of the monarch in the context of the use of “slave” self-proclaimed time is twenty-nine years of Kangxi, a discount is Shandong governor Furen, and earlier in the memorial since