The dielectric properties in vitro present characteristic changes along with the alteration of metabolic activities, which can be detected from tissue microstructure. The dielectric properties of tissues are closely related to its viability, but the relationship remains unclear to us. This study aims to specify the relationship between dielectric parameters and microstructure of living tissues and to try to explain the influence of tissue viability on dielectric properties. Nine rabbits were studied in this experiment. The impedance spectroscopy(10 Hz-1 MHz) and microstructure were determined at different time intervals(from 5 min to 7 h) after samples were prepared.Some characteristic parameters were extracted to analyze the relationship between them.The inactivation process characterized by the microstructurs could be detected by means of dielectric parameters: the microstructures had no obvious change within 30 min and cell swelling caused by osmosis led to the decrease of extracellular ion concentration,resulting in the rise of low frequency imped ance after 30 min. The reduction of impedance was accompanied by the expanding intercellular area and irregular cell shape caused by the gradual destruction of cell membrane.The functions between alteration rate of intercellular area and Cole-Cole model parameters were also established. There is a strong correlative relationship between dielectric properties and microstructure. The dielectric spectrum can be a rapid and innocuous method to monitor the status of tissues.In the future, it may be of great help for clinical application, especially in transplantation. The dielectric properties in vitro present characteristic changes along with the alteration of metabolic activities, which can be detected from tissue microstructure. Which dielectric properties of tissues are closely related to its viability, but the relationship remains unclear to us. This study aims to specify the relationship between dielectric parameters and microstructure of living tissues and to try to explain the influence of tissue viability on dielectric properties. Nine rabbits were studied in this experiment. The impedance spectroscopy (10 Hz-1 MHz) and microstructure were determined at different time intervals from 5 min to 7 h) after samples were extracted. Home specific parameters were extracted to analyze the relationship between them. Inactivation process characterized by the microstructurs could be detected by means of dielectric parameters: the microstructures had no obvious change within 30 min and cell swelling caused by osmosis led to the decrease of extracell ular ion concentration, resulting in the rise of low frequency imped ance after 30 min. The reduction of impedance was accompanied by the expanding intercellular area and irregular cell shape caused by the gradual destruction of cell membrane. The functions between alteration rate of intercellular area and There is a strong correlative relationship between dielectric properties and microstructure. The dielectric spectrum can be rapid and innocuous method to monitor the status of tissues. In the future, it may be of great help for clinical application, especially in transplantation.