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随着我国天然气市场快速发展,天然气定价机制不合理问题开始凸显。天然气交易中心的构建,形成地区性市场基准价格,可以缓解价格扭曲,推动天然气市场发展。由于中国地域广袤,区域差异较大,气源多样,成本难以统一,急需建立多个天然气交易中心,形成不同的天然气价格基准点,以实现天然气价格形成市场化。通过研究北美和欧洲天然气市场已经形成的多个天然气交易中心的特点,总结建立天然气交易中心应该具备相关条件,进而选取我国具备条件的四川、陕西、新疆、山东、江苏、广东6个地区进行考察,利用主成分分析法对6个地区11个指标进行评分排名,得出结论是四川、山东和江苏的竞争力相对较高,未来可重点在上述地区布局天然气交易中心。
With the rapid development of China’s natural gas market, the issue of unreasonable natural gas pricing mechanism has begun to emerge. The construction of natural gas trading centers and the formation of a benchmark price for regional markets can ease price distortions and promote the development of the natural gas market. Due to the vast territory of China, large regional differences, diverse gas sources and difficult to unify costs, it is imperative to establish a number of natural gas trading centers and form different gas price benchmark so as to realize the formation of a marketized natural gas price. By studying the characteristics of the natural gas trading centers that have formed in North American and European natural gas markets, it is concluded that the establishment of a natural gas trading center should have the relevant conditions, and then select the qualified Sichuan, Shaanxi, Xinjiang, Shandong, Jiangsu and Guangdong regions for inspection , Using principal component analysis to rank 11 indexes in 6 regions, concluded that the competitiveness of Sichuan, Shandong and Jiangsu is relatively high. In the future, it may focus on the distribution of natural gas trading centers in these regions.