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在高压油气层钻进过程中,如遇到漏失地层发生漏失造成液面下降,使井筒内的液柱压力低地层压力时,会导致井涌、井漏(下漏上喷);在高压层用高密度钻井液平衡地层压力,又可能造成上部低压地层漏失,最终导致井喷(上漏下喷);当钻至压力敏感的水层,钻井液柱压力的变化会直接造成水层的井漏或井喷(喷漏同层)。这样就出现了既要压井又要堵漏的十分复杂的井下情况。
During the drilling process of high pressure oil and gas reservoirs, if there is any loss of formation in the lost formation, the liquid level will drop, so that when the pressure of liquid column in the wellbore is lower than the formation pressure, Balancing formation pressure with high-density drilling fluids can in turn cause loss of formation in the upper low-pressure formation, which can eventually lead to blowout (under-spray); when drilling to a pressure-sensitive water layer, Or blowout (blowout with the same floor). This presents a very complex downhole situation that is both over and under.