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[目的]为了解2011年烟台苹果产区腐烂病的发生情况,研究病害的发生规律。[方法]2011年5月,在腐烂病发病较重的栖霞、海阳等地选择21个农户的果园,对腐烂病的发生情况进行了调查。[结果]结果表明,21个果园中具有新病疤的病株率为68.20%,死株率为2.76%,平均受害枝量为23.98%,死枝量10.74%,病株率超过50%的果园占25%~30%,总体发病情况比一般年份严重。调查共发现967块新病疤,平均每株2.32块,其中源自剪锯口的病疤占80.04%,从旧病疤复发的病疤占60.29%。[结论]2010年秋季的连续阴雨、冬季低温和2011年春季干旱可能是导致烟台苹果产区2011年春季腐烂病大发生的主要原因。剪锯口是腐烂病菌侵染的主要途径,旧病疤复发是春季腐烂病发病的主体。
[Objective] To understand the occurrence of rot disease in apple producing area of Yantai in 2011 and study the occurrence of disease. [Method] In May 2011, 21 orchards of orchards were selected in Qixia, Haiyang and other places where the incidence of rot disease was relatively high, and the occurrence of rot disease was investigated. [Result] The results showed that in 21 orchards, the rate of diseased plants with new disease scar was 68.20%, the dead strain rate was 2.76%, the average damaged branch amount was 23.98%, the dead branch amount was 10.74% and the diseased plant rate was over 50% Orchard accounted for 25% to 30%, the overall incidence of serious than the average year. A total of 967 newly diagnosed scars were found, with an average of 2.32 per plant, of which 80.04% of the scars originated from scissor cuts and 60.29% of the scars recurring from old scars. [Conclusion] The continuous rainy season in autumn of 2010, the low temperature in winter and the spring drought in 2011 may be the main causes of the rot disease in spring 2011 in Yantai apple producing area. Scissor saw is the main pathogen of rot disease, the recurrence of old scab is the main part of the pathogenesis of spring rot disease.