一、侵略者的贪欲是战事再起的根本原因为扩大侵略权益,1854年初,英、法、美三国公使向清政府提出“修约”要求,曲解《望厦条约》和《黄埔条约》中的有关规定,提出允许外国人往中国沿海和内地各城市并可购买地产、鸦片贸易合法化、改订税则、外国公使进驻北京等一系列无理要求, First, the greed of the aggressors was the root cause of the resurgence of war. In early 1854, the ministers of the United Kingdom, France and the United States proposed to the Qing government “reform”, misinterpreting the “Wangxia Treaty” and the “Huangpu Treaty”. Related regulations, and proposed a series of unreasonable requests for allowing foreigners to go to China’s coastal and Mainland cities and purchase real estate, legalize opium trade, change tax rules, and station foreign officials in Beijing.