苏云金杆菌(下称苏菌)是我国目前投入商品生产的杀虫菌剂之一。早在四十年代法国已有苏菌商品制剂出现,我国则是在五十年代中期引入用于害虫防治的。苏菌有较广的杀虫范围,特别是对鳞翅目幼虫有着很好的防治效果。它的杀虫速度较快,且使用时对人、畜、禽、鱼以及捕食性天敌昆虫如螳螂等均很安全。苏菌制剂的杀虫有效成分主要是菌体产生的有毒蛋白——伴孢晶体和苏菌的芽孢,以及在繁殖过程中,苏菌产生的几种体外毒素。当苏菌随着叶片进入昆虫体内后,伴孢晶体可直接引起其全身麻痹,继而死亡。伴孢晶体还可破坏害虫的肠壁细胞,使芽孢侵入害虫身体组织内大量繁殖,导致躯 Bacillus thuringiensis (hereinafter referred to as Bacillus thuringiensis) is one of the insecticide-containing agents currently put into commercial production in China. As early as the forties in France there has been the emergence of commercial preparations of bacteria, our country is introduced in the mid-fifties for pest control. Siberian insects have a wider range of insects, especially for Lepidoptera larvae have a very good control effect. Its insecticidal speed, and when used against humans, livestock, poultry, fish and predators of insects such as praying mantis are very safe. The insecticidal active ingredients of the preparation of the bacterium mainly are the toxic proteins produced by the bacterium, the spores of the parasporal crystal and the bacterium, and several exotoxins produced by the bacterium in the breeding process. When the spores with insects into the body with the leaves, the sporozoite crystals can directly cause their general paralysis, and then died. Companion crystals can also damage the pest intestinal cells, the spores invade the pest body mass reproduction, leading to the body