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目的了解云浮市吸毒人群的人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)、梅毒螺旋体的感染状况及相关危险行为,为制定艾滋病防治策略提供科学依据。方法 2014年1月至9月按照全国统一的艾滋病哨点监测方案对戒毒所和社区吸毒人群进行问卷调查和HIV、HCV、梅毒的检测,采用SPSS 19.0对调查资料进行分析。结果 1 482名调查对象中戒毒所1 217人,社区265人,平均年龄(33.9±9.8)岁,以本省户籍为主,占91.8%,男性占94.3%,吸毒人群HIV、HCV和梅毒阳性率分别为3.2%、32.8%、1.2%,戒毒所与社区HIV、HCV和梅毒阳性率分别为(2.1%比7.9%)、(30.5%比43.4%)和(0.5%比3.4%)。HIV阳性率在场所内外、有无注射吸毒和共用针具吸毒人群间差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.001),HCV阳性率在场所内外、有无注射吸毒和商业性行为吸毒人群间差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.001),梅毒阳性率在场所内外、有无商业性行为和商业行为是否使用安全套吸毒人群间差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论云浮市吸毒人群的高危行为发生情况不容乐观,今后应继续加大吸毒人群的宣传干预力度,加强社区清洁针具交换和美沙酮药物维持治疗工作。
Objective To understand the infection status and related risk behaviors of HIV, HCV and Treponema pallidum among drug users in Yunfu City and provide a scientific basis for the development of AIDS prevention and control strategies. Methods From January to September 2014, questionnaires and HIV, HCV and syphilis were detected in drug addicts and community-based drug abusers in accordance with a unified national AIDS sentinel surveillance program. The survey data were analyzed by SPSS 19.0. Results A total of 1 217 investigated drug addicts and 265 community residents with an average age of (33.9 ± 9.8) years old were investigated in 1 482 subjects. The majority of them were registered permanent residents in the province, accounting for 91.8% and 94.3% of men. The positive rate of HIV, HCV and syphilis among drug users (2.1% vs. 7.9%), (30.5% vs. 43.4%) and (0.5% vs. 3.4%) for HIV / AIDS and community syphilis, respectively, at 3.2%, 32.8% and 1.2% respectively. HIV positive rate in the place and outside, with or without injection and sharing needles with drug users differences were statistically significant (P all <0.001), the positive rate of HCV in the place and outside, with or without injecting drug users and commercial sex differences between drug users (P <0.001). The positive rate of syphilis was in the place of both inside and outside. There was a significant difference between the groups whether there was any commercial use or the commercial use of condoms (P <0.05). Conclusions The occurrence of high-risk behaviors of drug addicts in Yunfu City is not optimistic. In the future, efforts should be made to intensify publicity and intervention of drug addicts and to promote community exchange of clean needles and maintenance of methadone drugs.