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目的分析儿童及青少年牙齿外伤的影响因素,探讨有效预防牙齿外伤的途径和方法,提高预防及治疗效果。方法选取2011年1—12月内蒙古准格尔旗中心医院口腔科门诊收治的118例牙外伤患儿的临床资料并进行分析。结果在118例牙外伤患儿中,男75例,女43例,男女比为1.7:1。乳牙列期以3～4岁牙齿受伤人数所占比例较高,占16.10%,混合牙列期则以7～12岁牙齿受伤人数所占比例较高,占32.20%。共涉及外伤牙齿186颗,其中恒牙131颗,乳牙55颗;全部外伤牙齿均为前牙。最常见损伤类型为牙齿半脱位(20.43%)和牙釉质-牙本质折断(18.82%)。结论牙外伤在儿童期发生率较高,其次是青少年,主要分布在学校,为预防牙齿外伤发生,应提高监护人的意识,在青少年中加强健康宣教和保护。对于此时期的有效预防应给予更多的关注。
Objective To analyze the influencing factors of tooth trauma in children and adolescents and to explore ways and means of preventing tooth trauma effectively to improve the prevention and treatment effect. Methods The clinical data of 118 cases of tooth trauma admitted to Department of Stomatology in Zhungeerqi Central Hospital from January to December in 2011 were analyzed and analyzed. Results Among 118 children with dental trauma, there were 75 males and 43 females, the ratio of male to female was 1.7: 1. The proportion of teeth injured in 3 to 4 years old was higher in the deciduous period, accounting for 16.10%. In mixed dentition period, the percentage of dental injuries in 7-12 years old was higher, accounting for 32.20%. A total of 186 traumatic teeth were involved, including 131 permanent teeth and 55 primary teeth. All traumatic teeth were anterior teeth. The most common types of injuries were subluxation (20.43%) and enamel-dentin fracture (18.82%). Conclusion The incidence of dental trauma is higher in childhood, followed by adolescents, mainly in schools. In order to prevent tooth trauma, the awareness of guardians should be raised and health education and protection should be strengthened among adolescents. For this period of effective prevention should pay more attention.