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目的 观察有机磷农药与氨基甲酸酯混配制剂的急性毒效应 ,为其中毒的防治提供依据。方法 常用低毒有机磷类农药———辛硫磷和高毒氨基甲酸酯类农药———灭多威混配。家兔随机分为辛硫磷组、灭多威组和辛硫磷 +灭多威组 ,分别经腹腔一次注入含量为 4 0 %的辛硫磷( 5 11.0mg/kg体重 )、含量为 98%的灭多威 ( 18.5mg/kg体重 )、含量为 4 0 %的辛硫磷 ( 2 5 8.4mg/kg体重 )与含量为 98%的灭多威 ( 9.6mg/kg体重 )混剂。注射后于不同时间点记录动物血压、坐骨神经传导速度、心电图 ,测定全血胆碱酯酶 (ChE)和血浆对氧磷酶 (PON)活力。结果 3个农药染毒组家兔坐骨神经传导速度在中毒早期无明显变化 ,而临死前显著降低 ,辛硫磷 +灭多威混配组为 ( 4 6.4± 4 .2 )mm/s,与染毒前自身 [( 5 3 .3± 4 .0 )mm/s]相比 ,差异有显著性 (P =0 .0 2 1)。心电图检查提示 ,各农药染毒组动物均有心肌毒性反应。灭多威染毒组存活的 2只动物血压无明显降低 ,而辛硫磷或辛硫磷+灭多威染毒动物的血压明显下降。灭多威染毒动物的全血ChE活力降低约 2 0 %,辛硫磷或辛硫磷+灭多威染毒动物的ChE活力显著下降 ,在中毒 12 0min时降低约 80 %。 3个农药染毒组动物血浆PON的动态变化与染毒前比较 ,差异不明显。结论 未见辛硫磷 +?
Objective To observe the acute toxic effect of organophosphorus pesticide and carbamate mixed formulation and provide basis for the prevention and treatment of the poisoning. Methods commonly used low toxicity organic phosphorus pesticide --- phoxim and highly toxic carbamate pesticide --- methomyl mixed. The rabbits were randomly divided into phoxim group, methomyl group and phoxim and methomyl group. The phoxim group (41.0mg / kg body weight) with the content of 98% % Methomyl (18.5 mg / kg body weight), 40% phoxim (25.5 mg / kg body weight), and 98% methomyl (9.6 mg / kg body weight). After injection, animal blood pressure, sciatic nerve conduction velocity and electrocardiogram were recorded at different time points, and the activity of whole blood cholinesterase (ChE) and plasma paraoxonase (PON) were measured. Results The conduction velocity of sciatic nerve in rabbits exposed to 3 pesticides did not change significantly at early stage of poisoning, but decreased significantly before dying. The ratio of phoxim to methomyl was (6.4 ± 4.2) mm / s and The difference was significant (P = 0.021) before exposure to [(53.3 ± 4.0) mm / s]. Electrocardiogram examination showed that each pesticide exposure group of animals have myocardial toxicity. No significant difference was observed in the blood pressure of the two animals surviving methomyl, while the blood pressure of phoxim or phoxim + methomyl significantly decreased. The ChE activity decreased by about 20% in the whole blood of methomyl-infected animals. The ChE activity of phoxim or phoxim + methomyl-treated animals decreased significantly, and decreased by about 80% at 120 min. The dynamic changes of plasma PON in 3 pesticide-exposed groups were not significantly different from those before exposure. Conclusion No phoxim +?