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自然法学派作为西方三大法学派之一,是一切法哲学的滥觞,是价值法学派。自然法的发展史是一部人类理性的启蒙史、是人类为自由和权利的斗争史。而自然法学派中最重要的则要算古典自然法学派。本文首先对古典自然法学思想产生的历史背景、含义与特征及其主要内容做了一个简单介绍。接下来对古典自然法学思想的代表人物孟德斯鸠的古典自然法思想进行了详细的阐述。最后则简要的总结了古典自然法理论的特色。以期明确孟德斯鸠对于古典自然法思想的贡献。
The school of natural law, as one of the three schools of the western legal school, is the beginning of all legal philosophy and the school of value law. The history of the development of natural law is a history of enlightenment of human reason and a history of human struggle for freedom and rights. The most important school of natural law is to count classical school of natural law. This paper first makes a brief introduction of the historical background, meaning and characteristics of classical natural law thoughts and its main contents. Next, the classic natural law thought of Montesquieu, the representative of classical natural law thought, is expounded in detail. Finally, we briefly summarize the characteristics of classical natural law theory. With a view to clarify Montesquieu’s contribution to the thought of classical natural law.