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目的了解绵阳市肺结核疫情的流行特征,分析流行趋势,探讨防控策略。方法利用全国结核病管理信息系统收集绵阳市2015年登记的活动性肺结核患者资料,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2015年登记活动性肺结核患者3 647例,报告登记率为78.50/10万;其中涂阳肺结核患者833例,占22.84%,涂阳肺结核报告登记率为17.93/10万。全年各月均有病例报告,无明显季节性。活动性肺结核登记率最高的县(市、区)为梓潼县113.81/10万,最低为涪城区48.88/10万,不同地区登记率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。男性2 576例,女性1 071例,男女性别比为2.41∶1。病例以15~64岁人群为主,共报告3 456例,占病例总数的94.76%。病例职业以农民为主,共报告2 919例,占病例总数的80.04%。结论 2015年绵阳市肺结核病疫情形势严峻,肺结核防控的重点人群为农民和青壮年男性,应采取综合措施控制疫情蔓延。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Mianyang City, analyze epidemic trends and explore strategies for prevention and control. Methods The data of tuberculosis patients with active tuberculosis registered in Mianyang City in 2015 were collected by National Tuberculosis Management Information System and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results There were 3,647 active pulmonary tuberculosis cases registered in 2015, with a reported registration rate of 78.50 / 100,000. There were 833 cases of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis, accounting for 22.84%. The registration rate of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis was 17.93 / 100000. There are case reports throughout the year, no significant seasonal. The counties (cities / districts) with the highest rates of active tuberculosis registration were 113.81 / 100000 in Zitong County and 48.88 / 100000 in Fucheng District with the lowest registration rate (P <0.01). There were 2,576 males and 1,071 females, with a sex ratio of 2.41: 1. The cases were mainly from 15 to 64 years old, a total of 3 456 cases were reported, accounting for 94.76% of the total cases. A total of 2,919 cases were reported, accounting for 80.04% of the total number of cases. Conclusion In 2015, the epidemic situation of pulmonary tuberculosis in Mianyang City was severe. The key population for prevention and control of tuberculosis was peasants and young and middle-aged men. Comprehensive measures should be taken to control the spread of the epidemic.