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利用SSR标记分别对东北春播和黄淮海夏播玉米产区主要自交系的遗传多样性进行分析,并在此基础上对东北和黄淮海地区的玉米种质利用模式进行比较。东北地区利用的种质类型比较丰富,包括PA、PB、旅大红骨、Lan.和塘四平头亚群,利用的杂种优势模式以PA×旅大红骨为主,在生育期较短的玉米产区Lan.×塘四平头是很重要的利用模式,在黑龙江省和吉林省北部地方种质发挥了重要作用。黄淮海夏播玉米产区利用的种质主要是PA、PB和塘四平头亚群,利用的杂种优势模式以PA×塘四平头为主。PA×PB杂种优势模式呈现上升趋势,有利于实现跨区域整合玉米种质的杂种优势群和模式。
SSR markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of main inbred lines of spring sowing in Northeast China and summer sowing of Huang-Huai-Hai. Based on this, the utilization patterns of maize in Northeast China and Huang-Huai-Hai were compared. The types of germplasm utilized in the northeast region are rich, including PA, PB, Luda, Lan and Tongsipingtou subgroups. The dominant heterosis model is dominated by PA × Ludahongbiao, and the maize with shorter growth period District Lan. × Tong Siping is an important utilization pattern, and plays an important role in the germplasm of Heilongjiang Province and northern Jilin Province. Huanghuaihai summer sowing corn germplasm production areas are mainly PA, PB and Tong Siping head subgroups, the use of heterosis model to PA × Tong Siping-based. PA × PB heterosis showed an upward trend, which is conducive to the realization of cross-regional integration of corn germplasm heterotic groups and patterns.