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为了探明自第二次土壤普查以来,吉林省梨树县黑钙土和风沙土有机质和氮、磷、钾的变异特征,以及在2007年实施秸秆全覆盖还田耕作技术后,对两种土壤类型有机质和氮、磷、钾的影响。于2009—2011年在梨树县高家村的黑钙土和付家街村的风沙土上连续3年进行定位取样,测定土壤中的有机质和碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾。结果表明:高家村的黑钙土自第二次土壤普查以来土壤有机质和氮、磷、钾分别增加了0.35%、36.75 mg/kg、47.03 mg/kg、196.42 mg/kg,付家街村的风沙土有机质减少了0.38%,氮、磷、钾分别增加了25.34、41.11、88.23 mg/kg。2009—2011年实施秸秆全覆盖还田耕作技术后,3年间黑钙土和风沙土有机质分别增加了0.25%和0.49%,两种土壤的氮、磷、钾含量有所下降。
In order to find out the variation characteristics of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in calcareous soil and aeolian sandy soil in Lishu County of Jilin Province since the second soil survey and implement the technology of full-coverage straw returning to farmland in 2007, Effects of Soil Organic Matter and Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium. In 2009-2011, samples of calcareous soil and aeolian sandy soil in Fujiajie village, Gaojiacun, Lishu County were collected for sampling for three years to determine the contents of organic matter, dissolved nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in the soil. The results showed that soil organic matter and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in soil increased by 0.35%, 36.75 mg / kg, 47.03 mg / kg and 196.42 mg / kg respectively in the calcareous soil of Gaojiacan since the second soil survey. The organic matter in aeolian sandy soil decreased by 0.38%, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium increased by 25.34, 41.11 and 88.23 mg / kg, respectively. After 2009-2011, the organic matter content of chernozem and aeolian sandy soil increased by 0.25% and 0.49%, respectively, after three years of straw mulching. The contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium decreased in both soils.