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严格地说,这不是一篇探讨民俗学基本理论的文章,而是作者用瑞典语写成的博士论文——一项从民族学、民俗学角度出发的关于瑞典照明史研究的综述。惟其如此,这篇文章对中国的民俗学研究才更有启发意义。没有详细的史料堆积(对许多中国读者来说,瑞典人历史上经历的照明技术的改变并非他们感兴趣的热点问题),但是作者关于选题的学术背景和理论框架有详细的、轮廓清晰的描述。自然地理条件给瑞典带来的戏剧性的冬夏光照条件的差别,使作者能够相对容易地将照明技术对人们日常生活节奏和对时空感知的影响凸现并加以分析。通过对瑞典照明史的个案研究,作者在不同的层次上提出了可以观察和切入民俗生活与照明技术之间关系的角度,这些研究视角都可以为观察和分析中国历史上与当代的民俗文化现象提供很多启发。作者提出的理论上和方法上的思考,如技术与社会生活的关联、技术进步的悖论、图片资料作为一种特殊的文本等都在近年来成为文化研究以及技术史领域内经常被讨论的话题。现代化技术和技术产品的日新月异及其对普通人的日常生活的介入和渗透,使得技术与文化的关系成为民俗学者、文化史学者难以忽略和回避的问题。目前国际汉学界中从事类似研究的项目有德国柏林工业大学的“中国日用技术的历史与人类学研究”(Alltagstechniken Chinas,Mareile Fltisch)、英国伦敦大学亚非学院的“现代物品:1870-1950年中国的物质文化和日常生活”(Things Modern:Material Culture and Everyday Life in China (1870-1950),Frank Dikotter)等。
Strictly speaking, this is not an article on the basic theory of folklore, but a PhD thesis written by the author in Swedish - a review of the history of Swedish lighting history from ethnological and folklore perspectives. However, this article is even more instructive for the study of folklore in China. There is no detailed accumulation of historical data (for many Chinese readers, the changes experienced by Swedes in the history of lighting technology are not hot topics of interest to them), but the author’s academic background and theoretical framework on the topic are detailed and well-defined description. The dramatic differences between winter and summer lighting conditions brought by natural geography to Sweden make it relatively easy for authors to highlight and analyze the influence of lighting technology on people’s daily life and perception of time and space. Through a case study of the history of Swedish lighting, the author puts forward the perspectives at different levels that can observe and cut into the relationship between folk life and lighting technology. All of these perspectives can be used to observe and analyze the historical and contemporary phenomena of folk culture in China Provide a lot of inspiration. The theoretical and methodological considerations put forward by the author, such as the connection between technology and social life, the paradox of technological progress, and picture material as a kind of special texts, have been frequently discussed in the field of cultural studies and technological history in recent years topic. The ever-changing modern technology and technology products and their daily life intervention and infiltration of ordinary people, making the relationship between technology and culture, folklorists, cultural historians difficult to ignore and avoid problems. At present, there are many researches in the international sinology circle such as Alltagstechniken Chinas (Mareile Fltisch), Berlin University of Technology, Modern Goods: 1870-1950 Things Modern: Material Culture and Everyday Life in China (1870-1950), Frank Dikotter and others.