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长江上游宜宾至宜昌段,通称川江,其中宜昌至重庆段660余km是我国沟通东西交通的水运干线,是进出四川物资的必经之路。三峡工程建成后,440余km的河段成为水库的常年回水区,航道条件得到根本改善。但回水变动河段(图1)则可能因泥沙冲淤变化而发生碍航问题,需要研究解决。60年代起,特别是1983年以来,长办及有关单位共同研究了这一问题,采用原型观测和调查、数学模型计算和物理模型试验三结合的研究途径,取得了重大进展。本文仅就该回水变动区的河床演变及整治的有关问题作简要的阐述。
Yichang to Yichang section of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, commonly known as Chuanjiang, of which more than 660 km Yichang to Chongqing is China’s east-west traffic water transport routes, is the only way out of Sichuan supplies. After completion of the Three Gorges Project, more than 440 km of the river section has become a perennial backwater area of the reservoir, and the navigation channel conditions have been basically improved. However, the river section of backwater change (Figure 1) may be due to changes in sediment erosion and navigation problems that need to be addressed. Since the 1960s, especially since 1983, the CFO and the relevant agencies have jointly studied this issue and made major strides in using research approaches combining prototype observation and investigation, mathematical model calculation and physical model testing. This article only briefly explains the river bed evolution and remediation of the backwater variation zone.