黄河是我国的第二条大河,发源于青海巴颜喀拉山的约古宗列渠,流经川、甘、宁、蒙、陕、晋、豫,在山东北部入渤海。干流全长5464公里,流域面积75万多平方公里,其中包括面积40万平方公里、海拔800-2000米的黄土高原区,此区黄土广布,土层深厚,由50米至150米,土质疏松、孔隙大,柱状节理发育,水浸后易发生崩解和大量沉陷; The Yellow River is the second largest river in our country. It originated from the Paleoquainn drainage in Bayanhar Mountains of Qinghai. It flows through Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia, Mongolia, Shaanxi, Shanxi and Henan provinces and enters the Bohai Sea in northern Shandong. The total length of 5464 kilometers of the mainstream, the drainage area of ​​750,000 square kilometers, including an area of ​​400,000 square kilometers, 800-2000 meters above sea level of the Loess Plateau, the area is widespread, deep soil, from 50 meters to 150 meters, soil Loose, large pores, columnar joint development, prone to collapse after flooding and a large number of subsidence;