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耀州瓷是我国古代名瓷。为了无损鉴别不同时期的古耀州瓷,用质子激发X射线荧光(PIXE)技术无损测定古耀州瓷胎、釉样品中化学组成的含量,对这些化学组成进行动态模糊聚类分析。结果表明:唐、五代时期耀州瓷胎的化学组成较为接近,宋、金时期耀州瓷胎的化学组成比较接近且有别于唐代。宋、金时期耀州窑青瓷釉的化学组成和配方较为接近,唐、五代时期的较为接近。唐、五代、宋代时期黑釉、酱釉瓷的分类关系较为密切,其化学组成和配方比较接近。耀州窑青瓷釉与黑瓷釉的配方明显不同。茶叶末釉的配方与其他耀州瓷釉的配方也有所不同。PIXE和动态模糊聚类分析方法相结合,可以为无损和科学鉴别不同时期的古耀州瓷,提供一种重要的研究途径。
Yaozhou porcelain is China’s ancient famous porcelain. In order to nondestructively identify ancient Yaozhou porcelain from different periods, the chemical compositions of Guiyu porcelain samples and glaze samples were nondestructively measured by PIXE, and the fuzzy clustering analysis of these chemical compositions was carried out. The results show that the chemical compositions of the porcelain of Yaozhou in Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties are close to each other. The chemical compositions of the porcelain of Yaozhou in the Song and Jin Dynasties are relatively close and different from that of the Tang Dynasty. The chemical composition and formula of the celadon enamels in Yaozhou kiln during the Song and Jin dynasties were relatively close, while the Tang and the Five Dynasties were relatively close. Tang, Five Dynasties, Song Dynasty black glaze, sauce glazed porcelain closer classification, the chemical composition and formulation are relatively close. Yaozhou kiln celadon glaze and black enamel formula was significantly different. The formula of tea end glaze is different from that of other Yaozhou enamels. The combination of PIXE and dynamic fuzzy clustering analysis method can provide an important research approach for the non-destructive and scientific identification of ancient Yaozhou porcelain at different periods.