正确预判结构在不同爆炸事件中可能产生的碎片分布特性,对提高结构的抗爆安全性和减轻爆炸灾害具有重要意义。基于连续损伤力学和裂缝微观发展理论,进行了砌体墙在爆炸荷载作用下产生的碎片尺寸分布分析,得到了概率密度函数;根据空气动力学原理,计算了碎片形成后的抛射轨迹和抛射距离,并进行概率统计分析,得到不同爆炸工况下碎片的概率密度函数。数值分析结果表明:碎片尺寸分布符合广义极限分布规律;碎片抛射距离的分布因比例距离不同而有所不同;比例距离较小时,抛射距离的分布符合广义极限分布;比例距离较大时,抛射距离分布符合指数分布;碎片尺寸的均值和方差均与比例距离呈线性关系;抛射距离的均值和方差与比例距离之间的关系可用波尔兹曼方程表示。 Correctly predicting the possible distribution of debris in different explosive events is of great significance to improve the structural anti-explosion safety and reduce the explosion hazard. Based on the theory of continuous damage mechanics and microcrack theory, the analysis of the size distribution of debris generated by the blasting load of masonry walls was carried out, and the probability density function was obtained. According to the aerodynamics principle, the trajectory of projectile and the projectile distance , And probabilistic statistical analysis to get the probability density function of debris under different explosion conditions. The results of numerical analysis show that the distribution of fragment size is in accordance with the generalized limit distribution. The distribution of fragment ejection distance varies with the scale distance. When the scale distance is small, the distribution of the projection distance is in accordance with the generalized limit distribution. When the scale distance is large, The distribution is in line with the exponential distribution; the mean and variance of the fragment size are linearly proportional to the proportional distance; the relationship between the mean and variance of the projection distance and the proportional distance can be represented by the Boltzmann equation.