论文部分内容阅读
目的探讨脑梗死患者发生医院感染病原菌的分布及危险因素分析,以降低医院感染的发生。方法采用回顾性调查,对2010年1月-2013年12月神经内科2 096例脑梗死患者的相关资料进行分析。结果共有164例发生医院感染,医院感染率7.8%,感染331例次,例次感染率15.8%;主要感染部位为下呼吸道,占41.4%;检出病原菌141株,其中革兰阴性菌占51.8%,革兰阳性菌占20.6%,真菌占27.6%;年龄>70岁、入住ICU、手术、意识模糊、营养状态差、使用肾上腺皮质激素、脑出血、气管切开等因素是脑梗死患者发生医院感染的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论脑梗死患者发生医院感染率很高,针对危险因素采取相应措施,以降低医院感染的发生。
Objective To investigate the distribution and risk factors of nosocomial pathogens in patients with cerebral infarction to reduce the occurrence of nosocomial infections. Methods The data of 2 096 patients with cerebral infarction in Department of Neurology from January 2010 to December 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. Results A total of 164 cases of nosocomial infections were found, with nosocomial infection rate of 7.8%, infection rate of 331 cases and infection rate of 15.8%. The main infection sites were lower respiratory tract (41.4%). 141 pathogenic bacteria were detected, of which Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 51.8 %, Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 20.6%, fungi accounted for 27.6%; age> 70 years old, admitted to ICU, surgery, confusion, poor nutritional status, the use of adrenal cortex hormones, cerebral hemorrhage, tracheotomy and other factors occur in patients with cerebral infarction The risk factors of nosocomial infection (P <0.05). Conclusions The incidence of nosocomial infection in patients with cerebral infarction is very high. Corresponding measures are taken according to the risk factors to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.