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目的进一步掌握青海省大骨节病病区环境和人体硒水平。方法选择大骨节病病区贵德、兴海、同德和班玛县作为调查点,采集居民饮用水、土壤、居民户自产主食粮样及8～12岁儿童枕部发样,用2,3-二氨基萘荧光法测定粮样及发样的硒含量,氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定土壤(水溶性)及居民饮用水的硒含量。结果贵德、兴海、同德和班玛4个县的外环境饮用水硒含量均<10.00μg/L;土硒(水溶性)和粮硒含量,分别为([1.61±0.83)(、26.51±19.20)]μg/kg;共检测各县2007、2008和2009年8～12岁儿童发样748份,发硒含量分别为([139.64±75.67)(、126.46±50.59)(、166.10±81.19)]μg/kg,单因素方差分析(F检验),2009年儿童发硒含量均高于2008及2007年儿童发硒的含量(P<0.05);发硒含量按年龄分布2009年各年龄段间发硒经独立样本均数的t检验均高于2008年各年龄段发硒含量(P<0.05);发硒含量按地区分布2009年贵德和兴海县8～12岁儿童发硒含量均高于2008和2007年贵德和兴海县儿童发硒的含量(P<0.05)。结论大骨节病病区环境和人体均处于低硒水平,适时补硒、换粮可以有效地防治大骨节病的发生和发展。
Objective To further understand the environmental and human selenium levels of Kashin-Beck disease in Qinghai Province. Methods The patients with Kashin-Beck disease in Guiding, Xinghai, Tongde and Baima counties were selected as the investigation points. Samples of drinking water, soil and household-produced staple foods and samples of children aged 8 ~ 12 years were collected. , 3-diaminonaphthalene was used to determine the content of selenium in food samples and samples, and the hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry was used to determine the content of selenium in soil (water-soluble) and drinking water. Results The selenium contents of external drinking water in the four counties of Guiding, Xinghai, Tongde and Baima were all less than 10.00μg / L, and the content of selenium (water-soluble) and grain selenium were (1.61 ± 0.83) 26.51 ± 19.20)] μg / kg. A total of 748 samples of children aged 8-12 years old were collected from each county in 2007, 2008 and 2009 respectively. The selenium content in the samples were (139.64 ± 75.67), (126.46 ± 50.59), (166.10 ± 81.19)] μg / kg, one-way ANOVA (F test), the content of selenium in children was higher than that of children in 2008 and 2007 (P <0.05) Selenium in the segment between the independent sample mean t-test were higher than the selenium content of all age groups in 2008 (P <0.05); hair selenium content distribution by region in 2009, Cathay Pacific and Xinghai County, 8 to 12-year-old children selenium Were higher than those of children in Seonde and Xinghai counties in 2008 and 2007 (P <0.05). Conclusion Kashin-Beck disease wards environment and human body are at low levels of selenium, timely selenium replacement, food can effectively prevent the occurrence and development of Kashin-Beck disease.