花药培养是当今生物技术育种中较为成熟、实用、有效的育种新技术。用于杂交水稻恢复系和保持系的选育，效率高，成本低。然而由于籼稻的花药培养力极低，很难形成育种规模，到目前为止，采用花药培养育成的籼稻品种极少；核技术能诱导基因突变，杂交育种后代变异丰富，但... Anther culture is more mature, practical and effective breeding new technology in biotechnology breeding. For hybrid rice restorer and maintainer lines breeding, high efficiency, low cost. However, due to the extremely low anther culture ability of indica rice, it is difficult to form a breeding scale. So far, there are few indica varieties cultivated by anther culture; nuclear technology can induce gene mutation and the offspring of hybrid breeding have abundant variation, but ...