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在工业化向城市化转变的过程中,中国政府的目标发生了变化。工业化时期,政府动员一切可利用的资源发展经济,而在城市化阶段,政府转向福利支出目标。这一转变表现为经济建设费支出比重减小而公共财政支出比重不断增大。本文分析了中国城市化使政府公共支出比重增大,并进行了实证分析。城市化率每增加1个百分点,公共财政支出比重就增加0.6293个百分点,且公共财政支出比重随收入差距扩大而增大。
In the process of industrialization to urbanization, the goal of the Chinese government has changed. During the industrialization period, the government mobilized all resources available to develop its economy. In the urbanization phase, the government turned to welfare spending goals. This shift is reflected in the fact that the share of expenditure on economic construction has decreased while that of public expenditure has been steadily increasing. This paper analyzes the urbanization in China to increase the proportion of government public expenditure, and conducted an empirical analysis. For every 1% increase in the urbanization rate, the proportion of public finance expenditure will increase by 0.6293 percentage points, and the proportion of public finance expenditure will increase as the income gap widens.