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目的:筛选黄连解毒汤中与治疗老年性疾病有关的有效成分。方法:运用紫外分光光度法,建立体外抗氧化模型和抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)活性实验模型,分析比较了黄连解毒汤全方、单味药及其主要成分的抗氧化作用和对乙酰胆碱酯酶的抑制作用。结果:复方黄连解毒汤的抗氧化活性比黄连、黄柏和栀子单味药强;黄芩及其主要成分黄芩苷(IC50=12.06μg·mL-1)具有较强的抗氧化活性;与对照品毒扁豆碱和加兰他敏比较,小檗碱(IC50=9.52μg·mL-1)对乙酰胆碱酯酶的抑制活性较高,其次是黄连(IC50=18.89μg·mL-1)水提物,而黄芩和栀子抑制活性不明显。结论:黄连解毒汤具有抗氧化和抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶活性作用,其中具有多羟基的黄酮类是抗氧化活性的主要成分;而生物碱类则是抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶的主要成分。
Objective: To screen the active ingredients of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction in treating senile diseases. Methods: The anti-oxidation model and inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity model in vitro were established by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The anti-oxidation and acetylcholinesterase inhibition of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction and its main components were analyzed and compared effect. Results: The anti-oxidative activity of Fufang Huanglian Jiedu Decoction was stronger than that of Coptis chinensis, Phellodendron amurense and Fructus Gardenia alone. Scutellaria baicalensis and its main component baicalin (IC50 = 12.06μg · mL-1) The inhibitory activity of berberine (IC50 = 9.52μg · mL-1) on acetylcholinesterase was higher than that of galanthamine, followed by the water extract of Coptidis Rhizoma (IC50 = 18.89μg · mL-1) The baicalin and gardenia inhibitory activity was not obvious. Conclusion: Huanglian Jiedu Decoction has anti-oxidant and anti-acetylcholinesterase activity. Among them, the flavonoids with polyhydroxyl groups are the main components of antioxidant activity. The alkaloids are the main components that inhibit acetylcholinesterase.