目的研究卡马西平对成年癫大鼠海马齿状回新生神经元的影响及其与空间记忆之间的关系。方法采用氯化锂和匹罗卡品联合诱导大鼠癫模型,利用5-溴脱氧尿苷嘧啶与神经元核性蛋白双标记观察海马齿状回内源性神经前体细胞分化为成熟神经元的情况;利用行为学分析评价大鼠的空间记忆。结果 (1)卡马西平可增加癫大鼠海马齿状回新生成熟神经元的数量(P<0.05);(2)卡马西平对癫大鼠的空间记忆有明显改善作用(P<0.01)。结论卡马西平增加癫大鼠海马齿状回新生成熟神经元形成,是其改善癫大鼠空间记忆的可能机制之一。 Objective To investigate the effect of carbamazepine on hippocampal dentate gyrus neurons in adult epileptic rats and its relationship with spatial memory. Methods The model of epilepsy induced by lithium chloride and pilocarpine was induced in rats. The neural precursor cells of hippocampus dentate gyrus were differentiated into mature neurons by dual labeling of 5-bromodeoxyuridine and pyramidal neurons Yuan of the situation; using behavioral analysis to evaluate the spatial memory of rats. Results (1) Carbamazepine could increase the number of mature neurons in hippocampal dentate gyms of epileptic rats (P <0.05); (2) Carbamazepine significantly improved the spatial memory of epileptic rats (P < 0.01). Conclusion Carbamazepine increases the formation of mature neurons in hippocampal dentate gyms of rats with epilepsy, which may be one of the possible mechanisms for improving spatial memory in epileptic rats.