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为研究遗传性视网膜变性中感光细胞组织结构的时程变化及凋亡，对ＲＣＳ（ＲｏｙａｌＣｏｌｅｇｅｏｆＳｕｒｇｅｏｎｓ）大鼠及ＳＤ大鼠视网膜进行光镜观察和凋亡细胞ＴＵＮＥＬ（ＴｄＴ－ｍｅｄｉａｔｅｄｂｉｏｔｉｎ－ｄＵＴＰｎｉｃｋ－ｅｎｄｌａｂｅｌｉｎｇ）检测。结果表明，与同龄ＳＤ大鼠相比，ＲＣＳ大鼠视网膜感光细胞从出生后１５ｄ开始，出现外节膜盘堆积；２０ｄ时，内节排列紊乱、消失；３０ｄ时，细胞核固缩，细胞消失；到出生后６０ｄ，仅少许感光细胞保留；１００ｄ时，几乎所有感光细胞消失。ＴＵＮＥＬ检测，从出生后２５ｄ开始，ＲＣＳ大鼠视网膜有ＴＵＮＥＬ呈阳性的感光细胞出现，３５ｄ时达高峰。结果提示：ＲＣＳ大鼠视网膜变性过程中，感光细胞逐渐出现结构异常，并以凋亡的形式死亡，出生后３０～４０ｄ是病变的高峰期
To investigate the time-course changes and apoptosis of photoreceptor cell structure in hereditary retinal degeneration, the retina of RCS (RoyalColegeofSurgeons) and SD rats were observed by light microscopy and TUNEL (TdT-mediated biotin-dUTPnick-end labeling) . The results showed that compared with the same age SD rats, retinal photoreceptor cells of RCS rats appeared accumulation of outer membrane discs from the 15th day after birth. At 20 days, the inner segments were disorganized and disappeared. At 30 days, the nuclei contracted and the cells disappeared. At 60 days after birth, only a small amount of photoreceptor cells remained; at 100 days, almost all photoreceptor cells disappeared. TUNEL assay showed that TUNEL-positive cells appeared on the retina of RCS rats from the 25th day after birth, reaching the peak on the 35th day. The results suggest that during the process of retinal degeneration in RCS rats, photoreceptor cells gradually appear structural abnormalities and die in the form of apoptosis. The peak of the lesion is 30 to 40 days after birth