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目的 通过评价婴儿意外窒息的干预效果来研究预防和控制意外窒息的措施。方法 根据意外窒息的原因和危险因素制定出干预措施 ,对家长进行健康教育 ,于 2 0 0 0年对江苏省 6个县干预组进行一年的干预 ,与对照组比较干预前后儿童意外窒息死亡率及干预组家庭的危险行为和环境变化。结果 干预前干预组与对照组的 0～ 4岁死亡率、婴儿意外窒息死亡率差异无显著性。干预后干预组婴儿意外窒息死亡率有明显下降 ,下降了 85 40 %,不打“蜡烛包”、单独睡小床的比例分别增加了 75 96%、 60 14 %。而对照组婴儿意外窒息死亡率无显著下降。结论 不给孩子打“蜡烛包”和让孩子单独睡小床或与父母同床不同被是防止意外窒息切实可行的有效措施。
Objective To study measures to prevent and control accidental suffocation by assessing the effects of infant asphyxia. Methods Based on the causes and risk factors of accidental asphyxia, interventions were formulated to educate parents about their health education. One year intervention was made in six counties in Jiangsu Province by the year of 2000, compared with the control group, and the children died of accidental suffocation Rate and intervention group family risk behavior and environmental changes. Results Before intervention, there was no significant difference between 0 ~ 4-year-old mortality rate and infant accidental asphyxia mortality rate in intervention group and control group. After intervention, the mortality rate of infant accidental asphyxia in the intervention group decreased significantly, dropping by 85 40%, without using “candle package”, and the percentage of sleeping couch alone increased by 75 96% and 60 14% respectively. There was no significant decrease in accidental asphyxia mortality in the control group. Conclusion It is an effective and feasible measure to prevent accidental suffocation by not giving children “candle packs” and having children sleep alone or with their parents.