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为了研究高强度钢材中厚板焊接H形截面压弯柱的承载力,采用国产Q460高强度钢材11 mm、21 mm中厚板制作了6个焊接H形截面压弯柱,试件截面自由外伸翼缘板宽厚比分别为7、5、3,长细比分别为40、55、80。通过对Q460低合金高强度钢材的材性测试、3种焊接截面残余应力测试、各试件初始几何缺陷测量及承载力试验,进行了H形截面弱轴压弯构件整体失稳承载力的试验研究,并与采用GB 50017—2003《钢结构设计规范》进行计算的承载力对比;同时以理想弹塑性模型,综合考虑试件初始缺陷建立有限元模型,分析计算其承载力。试验及分析结果表明:Q460低合金高强度钢材具有强度高、塑性性能较好等特点;由实测截面残余应力值得到其分布形式与普通钢材焊接H形截面残余应力分布基本相同;高强度钢材焊接H形截面压弯构件承载力试验值明显高于GB 50017—2003设计公式计算值;文中采用的有限元分析方法可以较准确地计算试件的承载力。研究成果为高强度钢材在实际工程中的应用提供试验参考。
In order to study the bearing capacity of welded H-section columns with high-strength steel plates, six welded H-shaped columns were made with 11 mm and 21 mm plate made of high strength Q460 steel. Stretching flange width ratio were 7,5,3, slenderness ratio was 40,55,80. Through the material testing of Q460 low-alloy high-strength steel, three kinds of residual stress test of welding cross-section, the initial geometrical defects of each test piece and the bearing capacity test, the overall instability bearing capacity of H- And compared with the bearing capacity calculated by GB 50017-2003 “Code for Design of Steel Structure”. At the same time, the finite element model was established by considering the initial defect of specimen with the ideal elastoplastic model, and the bearing capacity was analyzed and calculated. The results of the test and analysis show that the Q460 low-alloy high-strength steel has the characteristics of high strength and good plasticity. The distribution of the measured residual stress of the Q460 steel is basically the same as the H-section residual stress distribution of ordinary steel. The test value of bearing capacity of H-section beam-columns is much higher than that of GB 50017-2003. The finite element method used in this paper can calculate the bearing capacity of the specimens more accurately. The research results provide experimental reference for the application of high strength steel in practical engineering.