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目的了解烟台市公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生状况和污染特征,并探讨其可能的影响因素。方法采用简单随机抽样的方法,对烟台市市区20家公共场所集中空调通风系统的类型、清洗状况,公共场所类型进行调查,并按照《公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生规范》对空调通风系统的卫生指标进行采样检测。结果烟台市公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生指标全部合格率仅为15.0%;风管内表面积尘量、细菌总数、真菌总数合格率分别为94.0%、33.0%和40.0%;送风中可吸入颗粒物、细菌总数、真菌总数、β-溶血性链球菌合格率分别为53.0%、100%、100%和100%;冷却水中嗜肺军团菌合格率为70.0%,主要菌型为lp1型;冷凝水中的嗜肺军团菌合格率为100%。结论2013年调查的烟台市公共场所20家集中空调通风系统调查风管积尘细菌总数、真菌总数合格率低,存在传播感染风险。
Objective To understand the health status and pollution characteristics of central air conditioning and ventilation system in public places in Yantai City and to explore the possible influencing factors. Methods A simple random sampling method was used to investigate the types of air-conditioning and ventilation systems and the types of public places in 20 public places in Yantai City. According to the hygiene regulations of central air conditioning and ventilation system in public places, Health indicators for sampling testing. Results The health indicators of centralized air-conditioning and ventilation system in public places in Yantai City passed the test with only 15.0% of the total health indicators. The dust, bacteria and fungi in the air duct were 94.0%, 33.0% and 40.0% respectively. The inhalable particles, The total number of bacteria, the total number of fungi, β-hemolytic streptococcus pass rates were 53.0%, 100%, 100% and 100% respectively; Legionella pneumophila in the cooling water pass rate of 70.0%, the main bacteria lp1 type; condensed water Legionella pneumophila qualified rate of 100%. Conclusions The 20 centralized air-conditioning ventilation systems surveyed in 2013 in Yantai City public places investigated the total number of bacteria in air duct dust collection and the low total pass rate of fungi, which posed the risk of transmission infection.