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目的了解缺铁性贫血育龄妇女补充铁剂的效果,探讨维持育龄妇女正常铁营养状况的总铁摄入量。方法招募贫血的育龄妇女74名,年龄21～45岁,按血红蛋白随机分成干预组和对照组,每日分别口服一包铁营养包(主要成分为焦磷酸铁和富马酸亚铁,含铁元素8mg)和安慰剂,连续服用6个月观察效果。干预前、3个月及6个月后两组均进行缺铁性贫血相关指标检查、膳食频率调查及24 h膳食回顾调查。结果干预6个月后干预组血红蛋白和血清铁蛋白均显著高于对照组(P<0.01),干预组和对照组血红蛋白值达标人数分别为15人(44.1%)和5人(14.3%),P<0.01;血清铁蛋白达标人数分别为11人(35.5%)和4人(12.1%),P<0.05。膳食铁的平均摄入量为14.0mg/d。总铁摄入量(膳食铁加补充的铁)与血红蛋白值的改变呈正相关(r=0.57,P﹤0.01)。膳食纤维摄入多和月经量多则是危险因素(P<0.05)。结论连续6个月每日补充8mg铁能有效改善育龄妇女缺铁性贫血,育龄妇女每日摄入23.2mg铁可维持正常铁储存状况。
Objective To understand the effect of iron supplementation in women of childbearing age with iron deficiency anemia and to explore the total iron intake to maintain normal iron nutrition status of women of childbearing age. Methods A total of 74 women of childbearing age were enrolled in this study. They were 21-45 years old. They were randomly divided into intervention group and control group according to hemoglobin. Oral iron packs were orally administered daily (the main components were ferric pyrophosphate and ferrous fumarate, Element 8mg) and placebo, taking 6 consecutive months of observation. Before intervention, three months and six months after the two groups were examined indicators related to iron deficiency anemia, dietary frequency survey and 24-h dietary recall survey. Results Hemoglobin and serum ferritin in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.01) after 6 months of intervention, with 15 (44.1%) and 5 (14.3% P <0.01; The number of people who reached the standard of serum ferritin were 11 (35.5%) and 4 (12.1%) respectively, P <0.05. The average intake of dietary iron 14.0mg / d. Total iron intake (dietary iron plus supplemental iron) was positively correlated with changes in hemoglobin values (r = 0.57, P <0.01). More dietary fiber intake and menstrual volume are risk factors (P <0.05). Conclusion Supplementation of 8 mg iron daily for 6 consecutive months can effectively improve iron deficiency anemia in women of childbearing age. The daily iron intake of 23.2 mg iron in women of childbearing age can maintain the normal iron storage status.