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80年代末和90年代初,世界格局发生急剧变化。战后形成的美苏两极对峙格局即雅尔塔体系已经瓦解,世界多极化的趋势有了明显发展,但新的格局尚未形成。世界各国,尤其是大国和强国都在为建立新的世界格局调整战略,谋划对策,力图使国际局势朝着有利于自己的方向演化,以便在未来新格局中争得优势地位。拉丁美洲有33个发展中国家,其中多数国家经济实力欠强,对外依赖性较大,是最易受外来影响的地区之一。世界格局的变化对拉美已经并将继续产生巨大和深远的影响,向拉美国家提出了新的挑战,同时也给它们提供了机遇,激励它们加速地区合作和一体化进程,促进社会经济改革。拉美地区正处在独立后的一个新的十字路口。
In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the world situation changed dramatically. The post-war formation of the bipartisan confrontation pattern that the Yalta system has been disintegrated and the trend of multipolarization in the world has evidently developed, but the new pattern has not yet taken shape. All countries in the world, especially big powers and powerful ones, are all adjusting their strategies for setting up a new world pattern and formulating countermeasures so as to make the international situation evolve in a direction favorable to itself in order to gain a dominant position in the new pattern of the future. There are 33 developing countries in Latin America. Most of these economies are underdeveloped and rely more on the outside world and are one of the most vulnerable areas. The changes in the world pattern have had and will continue to exert tremendous and far-reaching impact on Latin America and pose new challenges to Latin American countries. At the same time, they have also provided them with opportunities to encourage them to speed up regional cooperation and integration and promote social and economic reforms. Latin America is at a new crossroads after independence.