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目的:探讨女贞子蒸制过程中环烯醚萜苷类成分的转化机制。方法:采用LC-TOF/MS法,通过对照品定位、质谱数据、文献参照,分析女贞子4种环烯醚萜苷类化合物(oleopolynuzhenide A、oleonuezhenide、女贞苷G13、女贞次苷)模拟清蒸品的化学成分。液相色谱采用Diamonsil C18柱(2.1 mm×150 mm,5μm),流动相为A(乙腈)-B(0.1%甲酸溶液),梯度洗脱,检测波长240 nm;质谱使用Agilent 6230 LC-TOF/MS联用系统,Dual ESI离子源,在ESI/MS正离子模式下采集数据。结果:4种环烯醚萜苷类化合物模拟清蒸品中均检出了橄榄酸,oleonuezhenide模拟清蒸品中还检出了特女贞苷、红景天苷和特女贞苷异构体,女贞次苷模拟清蒸品中还检出了红景天苷和女贞次苷异构体。与oleonuezhenide模拟清蒸品成分比较,女贞苷G13模拟清蒸品的成分增加了女贞次苷和女贞次苷异构体,oleopolynuzhenide A模拟清蒸品的成分增加了oleonuezhenide、女贞苷G13、女贞次苷和女贞次苷异构体。结论:oleopolynuzhenide A、oleonuezhenide、女贞苷G13、女贞次苷性质不稳定,加水、加热可使其水解生成其次级苷和苷元。女贞子酒蒸后补肝肾作用增强与女贞子中环烯醚萜苷类成分在炮制过程中发生水解转化密切相关。
Objective: To investigate the transformation mechanism of iridoid glycosides during the process of steaming Ligustrum lucidum. METHODS: LC-TOF/MS method was used to analyze four kinds of iridoid glycosides (oleopolynuzhenide A, oleonuezhenide, privet G13, privet riboside) of Ligustrum lucidum through reference substance positioning, mass spectrometry data, and literature reference. Simulate the chemical composition of the steamed product. The liquid chromatograph was Diamonsil C18 column (2.1 mm×150 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase was A (acetonitrile)-B (0.1% formic acid solution). The gradient elution was performed at a detection wavelength of 240 nm. The mass spectrometry was performed using an Agilent 6230 LC-TOF/ MS combined system, Dual ESI ion source, data acquisition in ESI/MS positive ion mode. RESULTS: Olive acids were detected in all four iridoid glycosides simulated steamed products, and the esculin, salidroside and oxydol isomers were also detected in oleonuezhenide simulated steamed products. The salidroside and privet glycoside isomers were also detected in the simulated distillation product of tetrodotoside. Comparing with oleonuezhenide simulated steamed ingredients, ligustrazine G13 simulated steamed ingredients increased the composition of szeglidoside and stigma glycosides, oleopolynuzhenide A simulated steamed ingredients increased oleonuezhenide, privet G13, privet Secondary glycosides and erythritol ester isomers. Conclusion: Oleopolynuzhenide A, oleonuezhenide, arrogantine G13, and sera glycoside are not stable in nature. Adding water and heating can make it hydrolyze to produce its secondary glycosides and aglycones. The enhancement of liver and kidney function after liquefaction with Ligustrum lucidum was closely related to the hydrolysis and transformation of iridoid glycosides in Ligustrum lucidum during processing.