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目的探讨小儿重度低钾血症合并院内肺部感染患儿的临床诊断措施及有效治疗方法。方法选择2014年2月-2016年2月在医院接受治疗的小儿重度低钾血症合并院内肺部感染患儿72例,对其基本资料进行回顾分析,并了解患儿发病原因、临床特征,探讨有效的治疗方法。结果药物因素、消化道丢失、发热、汗液丢失、摄入不足等均为导致患儿低钾血症及肺部感染的重要因素,其中以摄入不足(34.72%)和药物因素(25.00%)占比最高;治疗3 d、治疗1周及治疗2周患儿血钾水平均显著高于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且患儿治疗时间越长,血钾水平越高并趋向稳定。结论依据患儿临床症状和钾元素水平可进行小儿重度低钾血症合并院内肺部感染的诊断,主要与钾元素摄入和药物因素有关,应当及时对患儿进行补钾,加强饮食控制,继而促使患儿症状得以明显改善。
Objective To investigate the clinical diagnosis and treatment of children with severe hypokalemia complicated with nosocomial pulmonary infection. Methods Seventy-two children with normotensive hypokalemia and nosocomial pulmonary infection who were treated in hospital from February 2014 to February 2016 were retrospectively analyzed and their causes, clinical features, Explore effective treatment. Results Drug factors, loss of alimentary tract, fever, loss of sweat and inadequate intake were all the important factors that led to hypokalemia and pulmonary infection in children. Among them, inadequate intake (34.72%) and drug factors (25.00%), (P <0.05). The longer the treatment time was, the longer the duration of treatment was. The higher the serum potassium level was, the higher the proportion was. The serum potassium level of the patients who were treated for 3 days, 1 week and 2 weeks after treatment was significantly higher than that before treatment High and stable. Conclusion According to the clinical symptoms and the level of potassium in children, the diagnosis of severe hypokalemia complicated with nosocomial pulmonary infection can be diagnosed. It is mainly related to the intake of potassium and the factors of drugs. It should be timely potassium supplementation in children to strengthen diet control, In turn, children’s symptoms can be significantly improved.