Background Although a lot of studies have been performed on the long term outcome in adults with repaired tetralogy of Fallot(TOF) in developed countries, but rare information for primary correction of adult TOF is available. The research focusing on the effect of transanular patch(TAP) for primary correction of TOF in adulthood is still absent. Via retrograde analysis of 7-year follow-up, this study was designed to explore the effect of the transanular patch for primary correction in adult TOF on the surgical outcome, postoperative cardiac function and morbidity, as well as to address the management of the complication. Methods A total of 151 consecutive adult patients(age ≥18) who underwent primary radical correction of TOF form 2007-2014 were selected and divided into TAP and non-TAP groups based on the EACTS database. Results of demographic statistic characteristics, echocardiography, color-Doppler echocardiography, cardiovascular enhanced contrast computed tomography(CT), and/or cardiac catheterization; intraoperative information,postoperative results and outcomes were reported. During follow-up, short term was defined within 3 months after discharge, and midterm was defined as 6-12 months after discharge. Results Total postoperative mortality was 5.96% in all the cases, 6.96% in TAP group, and 2.78%(1/36) in non-TAP group. There was no significant difference between two groups. Follow-up period ranged from 3 months to 62 months. Readmission occurred and was followed by medical treatment without re-do surgery in 6 cases(3.97%). The short term echocardiography demonstrated that pulmonary regurgitation and short term tricuspid regurgitation after discharge in TAP group were more severe(P < 0.001). The short term residual pulmonary stenosis(RVOTO)severity after discharge in TAP group was less severe(P = 0.018). Midterm echocardiography after discharge demonstrated pulmonary regurgitation and tricuspid regurgitation in TAP group were still more severe(P =0.003). The severity of residual pulmonary stenosis in TAP group was less severe(P = 0.044). Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that risk factors for mortality of adult TOF primary correction included: the acquirement of repeated cardiopulmonary bypass, OR = 126.28(5.17 ~ 3082.23), P = 0.003; the application of DHCA, OR = 61.08(2.26 ~ 1652.51), P = 0.015; postoperative pulmonary regurgitation, OR =33.84(2.53 ~ 452.53), P = 0.008, long intensive care time, OR = 1.00(1.00 ~ 1.01), P = 0.012. The first threevariables were high risk factors. Conclusions Primary radical correction of adult TOF has a good outcome,acceptable morbidity and mortality rates with mid-term surgical outcome in terms of effort tolerance. The acquirement of repeated cardiopulmonary bypass, the application of DHCA and postoperative pulmonary regurgi-tation are high risk factors of mortality. Background Although a lot of studies have been performed on the long term outcome in adults with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) in countries countries, but rare information for primary correction of adult TOF is available. The research focusing on the effect of transanular patch ( TAP) for primary correction of TOF in adulthood is still absent. Via retrograde analysis of 7-year follow-up, this study was designed to explore the effect of the transanular patch for primary correction in adult TOF on the surgical outcome, postoperative cardiac function Methods A total of 151 consecutive adult patients (age ≥18) who underwent primary radical correction of TOF form 2007-2014 were selected and divided into TAP and non-TAP groups based on the EACTS database. Results of demographic statistic characteristics, echocardiography, color-Doppler echocardiography, cardiovascular enhanced contrast computed tomography (CT), and / or During follow-up, short term was defined within 3 months after discharge, and midterm was defined as 6-12 months after discharge. Results Total postoperative mortality was 5.96% in all the cases, 6.96% in TAP group, and 2.78% (1/36) in non-TAP group. There was no significant difference between two groups. Follow-up period ranged from 3 months to 62 months. Readmission occurred and was followed by medical Treatment of re-do surgery in 6 cases (3.97%). The short term echocardiography demonstrated that pulmonary regurgitation and short term tricuspid regurgitation after discharge in TAP group were more severe (P <0.001). The short term residual pulmonary stenosis (RVOTO) Severe after discharge in TAP group was less severe (P = 0.018). Midterm echocardiography after discharge demonstrated pulmonary regurgitation and tricuspid regurgitation in TAP group were still more severe (P = 0.003). The severity of residual pulmonary stenosis in TAP group was less severe (P = 0.044). Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that risk factors for mortality of adult TOF primary correction included: the acquisition of repeated cardiopulmonary bypass, OR = 126.28 (5.17-3082.23 OR = 61.8 (2.26-1652.51), P = 0.015; postoperative pulmonary regurgitation OR = 33.84 (2.53-452.53), P = 0.008, long intensive care time, OR = 1.00 1.00 ~ 1.01), P = 0.012. Conclusions Primary radical correction of adult TOF has a good outcome, acceptable morbidity and mortality rates with mid-term surgical outcome in terms of effort tolerance. The acquisition of repeated cardiopulmonary bypass, the application of DHCA and postoperative pulmonary regurgi-tation are high risk factors of mortality.