目的探讨肺炎冲剂治疗小儿支气管肺炎的疗效及机理。方法将245例支气管肺炎患儿随机分为观察组(165例)和对照组(80例),两组均予头孢噻肟钠静点,观察组口服肺炎冲剂,对照组口服急支糖浆;用试管法作体外抗菌试验,用孙氏综合法作体内抗菌实验,观察(1)三联疫苗对致热兔体温的影响,(2)10%氨水对小鼠实验性咳嗽的影响,(3)10%蛋清液对大鼠足跖肿胀度的影响,并作长期毒性试验和最大耐受量测定。结果退热、止咳、平喘、湿罗音消失时间及临床疗效,观察组均优于对照组(P<0.005);体外抗菌试验对金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎球菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌、流感嗜血杆菌、溶血性链球菌、绿脓杆菌的MIC依次为1.0950、1.0950、1.4600、1.0950、0.3650及0.3650g/ml,MBC依次为1.460、未测出、未测出、1.4600、1.0950及0.7300g/ml;体内抗菌实验对肺炎球菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌感染小鼠的ED50测定分别为3.3306和3.5768g生药/kg体重,95%可信限分别为2.2718～4.0752和2.2999～4.2648g生药/kg体重;对三联疫苗致兔体温升高有显著降温作用;对小鼠实验性咳嗽有显著的镇咳作用;对大鼠蛋清型足跖肿胀有显著的抗炎作用;长期毒性试验未见明显药物毒性反应及药物蓄积性反应发生;小鼠LD50为80g/kg·d。结论肺炎冲剂可明显改善小儿肺炎的体征和症状,有显著的 Objective To investigate the curative effect and mechanism of pneumonia granule on bronchial pneumonia in children. Methods A total of 245 children with bronchial pneumonia were randomly divided into observation group (165 cases) and control group (80 cases). Both groups were given cefotaxime sodium intravenous injection, In vitro antibacterial test was conducted by the test tube method. The antimicrobial activity was tested by the Sun’s method. The effects of the triple vaccine on body temperature induced by hyperthermia, (2) the effect of 10% ammonia on experimental cough were observed, and (3) 10 % Of egg white on rat paw edema degree, and for long-term toxicity test and maximum tolerability determination. Results Antipyretic, cough, asthma, the disappearance of wet rales and clinical efficacy, the observation group were better than the control group (P <0.005); in vitro antibacterial tests on Staphylococcus aureus, pneumococcus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, influenza Haemophilus, hemolytic streptococcus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 1.0950,1.0950,1.4600,1.0950,0.3650 and 0.3650g / ml in order, MBC followed by 1.460, not detected, not measured, 1.4600, 1.0950 and 0.7300g / ml; In vivo antibacterial experiments on pneumococcal, Klebsiella pneumoniae infected mice ED50 were 3.3306 and 3.5768g crude drug / kg body weight, 95% confidence limits were 2.2718 ~ 4.0752 and 2.2999 ~ 4.2648g crude drug / kg Body weight; triple vaccine against rabbit body temperature increased significant cooling effect; experimental cough in mice significant antitussive effect; rat egg plantar paw edema significant anti-inflammatory effect; long-term toxicity test showed no obvious drug Toxicity and drug accumulation reaction occurred; mouse LD50 was 80g / kg · d. Conclusion Pneumonia Granules can significantly improve the signs and symptoms of pneumonia in children, there are significant