一、损失贫化的重要意义矿床开采过程中矿石损失贫化,不仅关系到国家矿产资源能否充分利用,同时也直接影响矿山企业的生产和经济效益。目前我国冶金矿山的矿石开采损失,一般在15～25％,有的高达40～50％;贫化一般也在20～25％左右。问题是严重的。自1980年以来,我国铁矿石产量约为一亿一千万吨。由于铁矿石产量满足不了钢铁生产的需要,每年须从澳大利亚、巴西等国进口铁矿石700～800万吨,每吨按平均到岸价格100元计算,每年需外汇7～8亿人民币。如果全国铁矿开采的损失率通过各方面努力,平均降低2％,每年可增产铁矿石200多万吨。按2吨原矿折合1吨商品矿石计,每 First, the significance of loss of depletion Ore depletion of ore mining process, not only related to the full utilization of national mineral resources, but also directly affect the production and economic efficiency of mining enterprises. At present, the loss of ore mining in China’s metallurgical mines is generally 15-25%, and some as high as 40-50%. The depletion is also generally 20-25%. The problem is serious. Since 1980, China’s iron ore output has reached about 110 million tons. Since iron ore production can not meet the needs of steel production, iron ore needs to be imported from Australia, Brazil and other countries every year at 700-800 million tons per ton at an average CIF of 100 yuan per year, requiring an annual foreign exchange of 7-800 million yuan. If the loss rate of iron ore mining in China is reduced by 2% on average through various efforts, an annual increase of more than 2 million tons of iron ore can be made. By 2 tons of ore equivalent to 1 ton of commodity ores, each