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目的了解南昌市0-14岁儿童哮喘的患病率、发病规律及影响因素。方法采用分层整群抽样方法 ,调查南昌市东湖区0-14岁常住儿童10345例,按照全国儿童哮喘协作组制定的全国统一调查方法进行调查。结果现患哮喘儿童(2年内有发作)279例,现患病率2.6%;有哮喘患病史儿童373例,总患病率3.6%。发作诱因主要以呼吸道感染、气候变化为主,分别占96%、63%。哮喘合并症最常见为过敏性鼻炎,占41.5%。治疗中吸入糖皮质激素,占56.6%。结论南昌市城区0-14岁儿童哮喘患病呈上升趋势,预防呼吸道感染可减少儿童哮喘的急性发作。
Objective To understand the prevalence, incidence and influencing factors of asthma among children aged 0-14 in Nanchang. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to investigate 10345 children aged 0-14 years old in Donghu District, Nanchang. The survey was conducted according to the national unified survey method developed by the National Childhood Asthma Cooperative Group. Results 279 cases of children with asthma (with seizures within 2 years) were present with a prevalence of 2.6%. There were 373 children with a history of asthma, with a total prevalence of 3.6%. The main causes of seizures are respiratory infections and climate change, accounting for 96% and 63% respectively. Asthma complication is the most common allergic rhinitis, accounting for 41.5%. Inhaled glucocorticoid treatment, accounting for 56.6%. Conclusion The prevalence of asthma in children aged 0-14 years in Nanchang city is on the rise. Prevention of respiratory infection can reduce the acute attack of childhood asthma.