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为研究我国不同地区不同人群中丁型肝炎（丁肝）病毒（ＨＤＶ）毒株感染的分子特征，从我国河南、内蒙、北京、四川、广西、西藏、新疆、辽宁、上海等地的ＨＤＶ健康携带者、慢性丁肝病人与重症肝炎病人中，筛选获得１０余份ＨＤＶ－ＲＮＡ阳性血清，经逆转录－多聚酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）交叉扩增获得ＨＤＶ抗原编码区的ｃＤＮＡ片段，并克隆到ｐＧＥＭ－３ｚｆ（－）或ｐＧＥＭ－Ｔ载体上，经序列分析研究其基因结构特点，结果表明：中国的ＨＤＶ毒株其基因型均为Ⅰ型，其中河南－１、－２、－３株及新疆株为ⅠＡ亚型；内蒙－１、四川、广西、西藏－１、辽宁、北京株为ⅠＢ亚型。与中国台湾株相比，４株ⅠＡ亚型的大陆ＨＤＶ抗原编码区核苷酸与氨基酸序列在多个位点的变异是保守而特异的，主要集中于Ｎ端；与美国－１株相比，中国大陆ⅠＢ亚型株变异较少，分布散在。中国大陆株ⅠＡ与ⅠＢ株各自存在多个特征性的核苷酸保守位点，可作为中国大陆ＨＤＶ的进化标志及ⅠＡ、ⅠＢ亚型株的区分指标。
In order to study the molecular characteristics of hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection among different populations in different regions of China, the HDV health status in China from Henan, Inner Mongolia, Beijing, Sichuan, Guangxi, Tibet, Xinjiang, Liaoning and Shanghai Carriers, chronic hepatitis D patients and severe hepatitis patients, more than 10 copies of HDV-RNA positive sera were screened and the cDNA fragment of HDV antigen coding region was obtained by cross-amplification by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) The results showed that the genotypes of HDV strains in China were all of type Ⅰ, among which the genotypes of -1, -2 and -3 in Henan were all higher than those in pGEM-3zf (-) or pGEM-T. And Xinjiang strain ⅠA subtype; Inner Mongolia -1, Sichuan, Guangxi, Tibet -1, Liaoning, Beijing strain ⅠB subtype. Compared with the strain of Taiwan of China, the nucleotide and amino acid sequence variations of the 4 HDV antigen coding regions in the 4 subtype ⅠA subtypes were conserved and specific, mainly in the N terminus. Compared with the USA -1 strain , There was less variation in subtype ⅠB in mainland China, with scattered distribution. There are several nucleotide conserved sites in strains ⅠA and ⅠB of Chinese mainland, which can be used as the marker of evolution of HDV in mainland China and the distinguishing index of subtype ⅠA and ⅠB strains.