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基于中国29个省份17个二位数制造业2000—2014年的省级面板数据,将制造业按要素密集度分类,利用非期望产出数据包络法求出制造业的效率,运用非线性平滑面板转换模型,分析不同地区不同类型制造业集聚水平与效率之间的关系。结果发现:(1)引入负外部性的制造业效率并非与集聚程度呈正向关系,这里将制造业分为过度集聚型、集聚推进型和集聚递减型,集聚递减型和过度集聚型负外部性严重影响着企业的生产效率;(2)东部沿海地区制造业已处在过度集聚阶段,而中、西部也出现了过度集聚现象;(3)东部沿海地区效率与铁路密集度成负向关系,而与能源消耗成正向关系,交通拥挤影响着经济发展,且东部地区的经济增长是以高能耗为基础的。
Based on provincial panel data of 17 two-digit manufacturing provinces from 2000 to 2014 in 29 provinces of China, the manufacturing industries are classified according to factor intensity and the manufacturing efficiency is determined by using the non-expected output data envelopment method. Nonlinear Smooth panel transformation model to analyze the relationship between different types of manufacturing industry agglomeration level and efficiency in different regions. The results show that: (1) Manufacturing efficiency, which introduces negative externality, is not positively related to the degree of agglomeration. Manufacturing industry is divided into over-agglomeration, agglomeration-promoting and agglomeration-diminishing, agglomerative-declining and overconcentrated negative externality Seriously affecting the production efficiency of enterprises; (2) the manufacturing industries in the eastern coastal areas have been in an over-agglomeration stage and over-agglomeration has also occurred in the central and western regions; (3) the efficiency in the eastern coastal areas is negatively related to the railway intensity; and It has a positive relationship with energy consumption. Traffic congestion affects economic development. Economic growth in the eastern region is based on high energy consumption.