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目的了解上海市三林社区老年人群骨质疏松发生现况及其可能的影响因素,为社区骨质疏松防治提供参考意见。方法对上海市三林社区6 540名65岁及以上已签约建立健康档案的老年人进行问卷调查,采用SPSS 23.0进行现况描述和影响因素分析。结果共调查了5 855名社区老年人,老年人参加率为89.53%。结果显示,社区65岁及以上老年人骨质疏松发生率为30.40%。不同性别、不同年龄组的老年人骨质疏松发生率差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。多因素有序logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、身高、尿酸和糖化血红蛋白是女性65~<70岁老年人骨质疏松的影响因素,年龄、身高和血尿素氮是女性70~<80岁老年人骨质疏松的影响因素,身高和饮食习惯是女性80~96岁老年人骨质疏松的影响因素;男性65~<70岁年龄组的老年人骨质疏松影响因素有年龄、饮食习惯和吸烟;男性70~<80岁年龄组的老年人骨质疏松影响因素有身高和血同型半胱氨酸,男性80~96岁年龄组的老年人骨质疏松影响因素则是尿酸。结论当前社区65岁及以上老年人骨质疏松发生情况较为严重。骨质疏松与年龄、性别、糖化血红蛋白、尿酸、饮食习惯、吸烟等因素有关,提示应针对不同年龄段提供针对性健康教育和保健工作,特别是加强女性老年人的健康饮食及对男性老年人的戒烟宣传。
Objective To understand the prevalence of osteoporosis and its possible influencing factors in the elderly in Sanlin community in Shanghai and to provide reference for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in community. Methods A total of 6 540 seniors aged 65 and over who had signed a health file were surveyed in Shanghai Sanlin community. The current situation and the influential factors were analyzed by SPSS 23.0. Results A total of 5 855 elderly people were surveyed. The participation rate of the elderly was 89.53%. The results showed that the incidence of osteoporosis in the community aged 65 years and over was 30.40%. The incidence of osteoporosis in the elderly with different genders and different age groups had significant difference (all P <0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, height, uric acid and glycosylated hemoglobin were the influencing factors of osteoporosis in the elderly women aged 65 ~ <70 years. The age, height and blood urea nitrogen were significantly higher in women aged 70 ~ <80 years The influencing factors of osteoporosis, height and eating habits are the influencing factors of osteoporosis in the elderly aged 80-96 years. The influencing factors of osteoporosis in the elderly aged 65 ~ <70 years are age, eating habits and smoking; The influencing factors of osteoporosis in the elderly men aged 70 ~ <80 years are height and blood homocysteine, and the influencing factors of osteoporosis in the aged men aged 80 ~ 96 are uric acid. Conclusion The prevalence of osteoporosis in the elderly aged 65 and over in the current community is more serious. Osteoporosis is related to age, sex, glycosylated hemoglobin, uric acid, diet, smoking and other factors, suggesting that targeted health education and health care should be provided for different age groups, especially to strengthen the healthy diet of the female elderly and to the elderly Quit smoking promotion.