以表观特征及吸水率为考察指标,探究不同因素对季铵化壳聚糖止血海绵制备工艺的影响。以季铵化壳聚糖为原料,戊二醛为交联剂,采用冷冻干燥工艺制备安全的止血海绵医用生物材料。该方法制得的止血海绵呈雪白色,质地柔软、均匀,结构疏松多孔,且具有一定的弹性。该止血海绵可在酸性、中性和碱性条件下制备,在中性条件下制得的止血海绵吸水率最大;中性条件下,分别考察了戊二醛浓度、温度及季铵化壳聚糖浓度对吸水率的影响,结果表明,当戊二醛质量分数为1.5%,温度为35℃,季铵化壳聚糖质量分数为3%时,制备的止血海绵吸水率最高。所研制的止血海绵安全、稳定,可为季铵化壳聚糖止血海绵的进一步应用研究与临床开发提供实验依据。 Taking the appearance characteristics and water absorption as indexes, the effects of different factors on the preparation process of quaternized chitosan hemostatic sponge were explored. Using quaternized chitosan as raw material and glutaraldehyde as cross-linking agent, a safe hemostatic sponge medical biomaterial is prepared by a freeze-drying process. The hemostatic sponge prepared by the method is snow white, the texture is soft and uniform, the structure is loose and porous, and has certain elasticity. The hemostatic sponge can be prepared under acidic, neutral and alkaline conditions, and has the highest water absorption coefficient under the neutral condition. Under neutral condition, the concentration of glutaraldehyde, the temperature and the concentration of quaternized chitosan The results showed that when glutaraldehyde content was 1.5%, temperature was 35 ℃, and the mass fraction of quaternized chitosan was 3%, the water absorption of the prepared hemostatic sponge was the highest. The developed hemostatic sponge is safe and stable, which can provide experimental evidence for the further application research and clinical development of quaternized chitosan hemostatic sponge.