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目的分析溃疡性结肠炎患者的临床特点,探讨评价诊断方法、临床疗效及转归。方法回顾性分析自1989年10月至2005年6月在北京大学第三医院消化科住院的所有溃疡性结肠炎病例。填写调查表,统计病人的症状、诊断、分期、分型及治疗效果。结果共155例病人入选,男女比例为1·54∶1。平均年龄是41·8岁;发病高峰年龄20~30岁(44例,28·4%)。肠外表现较少见(12·9%)。轻度占32·3%,中度占41·3%,重度26·5%。病变范围以全结肠炎型最多(52·9%),分型以慢性复发型最多(39·4%),大部分病人都可以通过临床、内镜及病理(72·9%)得到确诊,病人经过内科保守治疗大多数都能缓解,少数需要手术治疗(4·5%),没有死亡病例。结论本组病人以轻中型为主,内科疗效较好,部分中重型病人需要使用激素和免疫抑制剂治疗,并发症(20例,12·9%)发生率和手术率(7例,4·5%)较低。
Objective To analyze the clinical features of patients with ulcerative colitis and to evaluate the diagnostic methods, clinical efficacy and prognosis. Methods A retrospective analysis of all ulcerative colitis patients admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital from October 1989 to June 2005 was performed. Fill in the questionnaire, statistics of the patient’s symptoms, diagnosis, staging, typing and treatment effect. Results A total of 155 patients were enrolled, with a male / female ratio of 1.54: 1. The average age was 41.8 years old; the peak age of onset was 20-30 years (44 cases, 28.4%). Extraintestinal manifestations are less common (12.9%). 32.3% mildly, 41.3% moderate and 26.5% heavy. Most of the patients were diagnosed clinically, endoscopically and pathologically (72.9%) with the largest type of colitis (52.9%) and the most chronic recurrent type (39.4%). Most patients after conservative medical treatment can be alleviated, a small number of patients need surgery (4.5%), there are no deaths. Conclusions The patients in this group are mainly mild to moderate type, and the internal medicine is effective. Some patients with moderate or severe type require hormones and immunosuppressive therapy. The incidence of complications (12.9%) and the rate of surgery (7 cases, 4 · 5%) lower.