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一、引言多年来,人们一直期待着出现一种万能的电子控制器件,它应能解决电子线路,仪器仪表和自动控制等领域的各种应用问题,就像运算放大器在模拟线路中的通用性一样。现在,这种理想的控制器件终于出现了,那就是单片计算机,或者叫微型控制器。这种单片机面向实时控制的应用而设计,把计算机的各个组成部分:中央处理器、程序和数据存储器、输入/输出接口以及中断和时钟控制等都做在一个硅片上。这是一种真正万能的控制
I. INTRODUCTION Over the years, people have been looking forward to a versatile electronic control device that should solve various application problems in the fields of electronic circuits, instrumentation and automation, just as the commonality of op-amps in analog circuits same. Now, this ideal control device finally appeared, that is, single-chip computer, or micro-controller. Designed for real-time control applications, the microcontrollers make all the components of a computer: a central processing unit, program and data memory, input / output interfaces and interrupt and clock control all on one silicon. This is a truly universal control