赞可夫说过:教会学生思考,这对学生来说,是一生中最有价值的本钱。然而在我们的课堂教学中,长期以来一直是以教师为主导,忽视了学生的主体性。教师在课堂上主宰一切,自由发挥;而学生只能被动接受,主体作用受到了严重的抑制。八十年代以来相继涌现出了众多的改良主张,其目的几乎 As Zakoff said: To teach students to think, this is the most valuable capital of their life. However, in our classroom teaching, teachers have long been dominant, neglecting students’ subjectivity. Teachers in the classroom dominate everything, free play; and students can only be passive acceptance, the main role has been severely inhibited. Since the eighties have emerged a large number of reform proposals, its purpose almost