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目的了解口腔健康促进活动对促进学龄儿童掌握口腔健康知识的效果,为建立良好口腔卫生行为和饮食习惯提供依据。方法抽取广西15所农村小学一年级学生745名作为调查对象,对其进行为期1年的口腔健康干预,以问卷调查方式评价其促进效果。结果口腔健康知识方面,刷牙时间、每天刷牙次数、含氟牙膏可预防龋齿、刷牙出血说明牙龈不健康、白开水最适合解渴、常吃甜食对牙齿有害等知晓率活动前分别为35.70%,37.99%,28.86%,54.50%,76.24%,78.39%,活动后分别提高6.98,23.35,27.38,12.88,13.56,10.07百分点(χ2值分别为7.62,81.28,114.26,25.98,48.57,36.25,P值均<0.01)。口腔卫生行为方面,早晚刷牙、每天刷牙2~3 min、使用含氟牙膏等形成率活动前分别为25.91%,44.43%,23.62%,活动后分别提高了12.61,12.89,14.90百分点(χ2值分别为25.16,24.75,30.61,P值均<0.01)。饮食习惯方面,每天进食可乐或雪碧≥1次、每天进食饼干或蛋糕面包等甜点心≥1次、每天进食糖果或巧克力≥1次等形成率活动前分别为81.34%,77.18%,83.22%,活动后分别降低了4.29,9.26,12.08百分点,差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为4.17,16.05,30.87,P值均<0.05)。结论口腔健康促进活动使学生的口腔健康知识明显提高,口腔卫生行为和饮食习惯明显改善。
Objective To understand the effect of oral health promotion activities on promoting oral health knowledge among school-aged children, and to provide basis for establishing good oral health behaviors and dietary habits. Methods A total of 745 freshmen from 15 rural primary schools in Guangxi were selected as the survey subjects and their oral health interventions were conducted for one year. The promotion effect was evaluated by questionnaire. Results oral health knowledge, brushing time, brushing times a day, fluoride toothpaste can prevent dental caries, brushing teeth bleeding gums unhealthy, boiled water most suitable for quenching thirst, eat sweet tooth harmful preoperative awareness rates were 35.70%, 37.99% 28.86%, 54.50%, 76.24% and 78.39%, respectively. After the activity, they increased by 6.98,23.35,27.38,12.88,13.56,10.07 percentage points respectively (χ2 = 7.62,81.28,114.26,25.98,48.57,36.25, P <0.01) ). Oral hygiene behavior, brushing the teeth sooner or later, tooth brushing 2 to 3 min per day, the use of fluoride toothpaste and other formation rates were 25.91%, 44.43%, 23.62%, respectively, after activities were increased by 12.61,12.89,14.90 percentage points For 25.16,24.75,30.61, P <0.01). Eating habits, daily consumption of Coke or Spirits ≥ 1 times a day to eat biscuits or cake bread and other sweet snacks ≥ 1 times, daily consumption of candy or chocolate ≥ 1 times before the formation rate of activity were 81.34%, 77.18%, 83.22%, respectively, After the activity decreased 4.29,9.26,12.08 percentage points, the differences were statistically significant (χ2 values were 4.17,16.05,30.87, P values were <0.05). Conclusion Oral health promotion activities have significantly improved students’ oral health knowledge and oral hygiene behaviors and eating habits.