目的:分析婴幼儿营养性贫血患病情况和相关因素,为降低婴幼儿营养性贫血的发病率提供科学依据。方法:以在儿保门诊体检的3岁以下婴幼儿为调查对象,采用多阶段整群随机抽样问卷和血红蛋白含量测定的方法进行综合分析。结果:营养性贫血发病率为29.61%,各年龄组患病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=51.252,P<0.005),性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在喂养方法、母亲文化程度、人均年收入、卫生保健知识知晓度方面差异有统计学意义。结论:婴幼儿营养性贫血的发病情况与喂养方式、辅食添加情况、家庭状况等因素有关。指导科学的喂养方法,开展健康教育工作,对降低婴幼儿营养性贫血的发病率有重要意义。 Objective: To analyze the prevalence of nutritional anemia and related factors in infants and young children, and to provide a scientific basis for reducing the incidence of nutritional anemia in infants and young children. Methods: The infants and children under 3 years of age undergoing childbirth clinic were investigated. The multi-stage random sampling questionnaire and hemoglobin content were used for comprehensive analysis. Results: The prevalence of nutritional anemia was 29.61%. The prevalence rate of each age group was statistically significant (χ2 = 51.252, P <0.005). There was no significant difference in gender (P> 0.05). There were significant differences in the methods of feeding, mother’s education, annual per capita income and awareness of health care knowledge. Conclusion: The incidence of nutritional anemia in infants and young children is related to the feeding mode, the supplement of food supplement, family status and other factors. Guidance of scientific feeding methods, to carry out health education, to reduce the incidence of nutritional anemia in infants and young children is of great significance.