印度是一个饱受各种自然发生或人为灾难的国家——58.6%的国土面积易遭强级地震的破坏;超过12%的国土面积易受洪水的侵袭;7516公里长的海岸线中,有5700公里经常受到飓风和海啸的威胁;68%的耕地面积中,有些易遭干旱,有些是经常面临山体滑坡或雪崩的丘陵地区,甚至面临核辐射、生化危机及恐怖袭击的威胁。城市涝灾不同于乡村涝灾,城市化导致集水面积的增加,洪峰通常是乡村洪涝的1.8～8倍,洪水量也是其6倍之多。因此,城市涝灾会在短时间内迅速形成, India is a country hit by all kinds of natural or man-made disasters - 58.6% of the country’s territory is easily damaged by a strong earthquake; more than 12% of the country’s territory is vulnerable to flooding; and of the 7,616 kilometers of coastline, 5,700 Kilometers are often threatened by hurricanes and tsunamis; 68% of the arable land is prone to drought, some are often exposed to landslides or avalanches in the hilly areas, and are at risk of nuclear radiation, biohazard and terrorist attacks. Urban floods are different from rural floods, which lead to an increase in the catchment area. Flood peaks are usually 1.8 to 8 times those of rural floods and floods are six times as high. Therefore, urban floods will rapidly form in a short time,