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航空发动机高压压气机盘、涡轮盘等零件,属于发动机中高速旋转的关键部件,零件的结构、形状较为复杂,尺寸精度与技术条件要求较严,材料多为强度高、硬度高的切削性能较差的高温合金材料,加工过程中零件的余量较大,按传统工艺进行加工,效率较低,影响零件的周转与交付进度。选取陶瓷刀具,采用数控加工工艺进行零件的粗加工、半精车加工工作,能够达到提高零件加工效率与加工质量的目的。通过梳理盘类零件的工艺规程,筛选、确定以某型号发动机九级轮盘作为典型零件,开展陶瓷刀具高效加工研究、攻关,从而带动盘类零件整体制造技术的提升。该零件特点是,形状较为复杂,零件的加工精度较高,材料为镍基高温合金,在发动机盘类零件中具有代表性。通过采用高性能陶瓷刀具实施高效数控加工,对于批量生产的零件,能够大大减少加工时间并提高质量,解决制约生产的难题。本文主要阐述了应用数控车设备,选择适用的陶瓷刀具,进行数控加工程序的编制,以及切削加工参数的摸索、验证,成功实现九级轮盘零件采用陶瓷刀具高效数控加工的工艺过程。
Aeroengine high-pressure compressor disc, turbine disc and other parts, belonging to the engine rotating at high speed key components, parts of the structure, the shape is more complex, dimensional accuracy and technical requirements more stringent, the material mostly high strength, high hardness of the cutting performance than Poor high-temperature alloy materials, machining parts of the larger margin, according to the traditional process for processing, lower efficiency, affecting parts turnover and delivery progress. Select the ceramic tool, the use of CNC machining rough machining of parts, semi-precision machining, to improve the processing efficiency and processing parts of the purpose. By combing the technological process of disc parts, screening, to determine a model engine nine-wheel as a typical part of the ceramic cutting tools to carry out efficient processing research, research, which led to disk-type components to enhance the overall manufacturing technology. The characteristics of the part is that the shape is more complicated and the machining precision of the part is higher. The material is a nickel-base superalloy, which is representative in the engine disk parts. Through the use of high-performance ceramic cutting tools to implement efficient CNC machining, for mass-produced parts, can greatly reduce the processing time and improve quality, to solve the problem of restricting the production. This paper mainly elaborates the application of CNC lathe equipment, the selection of suitable ceramic tools, the preparation of CNC machining programs and the exploration and verification of cutting parameters, and the successful realization of the nine-level wheel parts using ceramic cutting tools and efficient CNC machining process.