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对于大部分的运输类飞机来说,飞机的巡航阻力在很大程度上决定了油耗,其中,诱导阻力占到总阻力40%左右,而翼梢小翼能使全机诱导阻力减小20%～35%,相当于升阻比提高7%。本文通过比较当前国际先进的四种翼梢小翼——上反式、帆板式、鲨鳍式和双羽式,基于相同的翼身组合体构型,建立统一拓扑结构的网格,通过N-S方程进行数值计算,分析其高速巡航状态的气动特性,比较它们之间减阻的区别及优劣,探索翼梢小翼的发展趋势。
For most transport aircraft, the cruise resistance of the aircraft determines the fuel consumption to a great extent. Among them, the induced resistance accounts for about 40% of the total resistance, while the winglets can reduce the induced resistance by 20% ~ 35%, equivalent to lift resistance ratio increased by 7%. In this paper, by comparing the current international advanced four kinds of wingtip - upside down, windsurfing, shark fin and double feather, based on the same wing body configuration, establish a unified topology of the grid by Navier-Stokes equations to calculate the aerodynamic characteristics of the high-speed cruising state and to compare the advantages and disadvantages of the drag reduction between them and to explore the development trend of the winglets.